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INRAE

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Last update: May 2021

News

INRAE Photothèque

Article

18 April 2024

Redaction: GABI

SOCS2 mutation induces structural and functional changes in mammary gland development.

Lactation is an essential process for mammals. In sheep, the R96C mutation in the SOCS2 (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 2) protein is associated with higher milk production and increased susceptibility to mastitis. To understand the involvement of the R96C mutation in mammary gland development and lactation, we developed a mouse model carrying this mutation (SOCS2KI/KI).

INRAE Phototheque 9031-095

Article

18 April 2024

Redaction: GABI

Effects of genetic variants on gene regulation in pigs

Understanding the molecular bases controlling complex traits in livestock is essential for optimizing genetic selection methods and thus improving breeding.

INRAE Photothèque

Article

16 April 2024

Redaction: GABI

SOCS2 mutation induces structural and functional changes in mammary gland development.

Lactation is an essential process for mammals. In sheep, the R96C mutation in the SOCS2 (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 2) protein is associated with higher milk production and increased susceptibility to mastitis. To understand the involvement of the R96C mutation in mammary gland development and lactation, we developed a mouse model carrying this mutation (SOCS2KI/KI).

@INRAE M. Dupont-Nivet

Article

22 March 2024

Redaction: GABI

Sélection et dynamique de la diversité génétique chez la truite arc-en-ciel

Any animal or plant population, wild or domesticated, evolves through continuous and cumulative changes over time, based on various evolutionary forces, namely selection, genetic drift, mutation and migration, with relative effects that depend on population history and structure. The footprints left along the genome by these evolutionary processes may correspond to positive selection of favorable alleles, resulting in highly homozygous regions with low genetic diversity, or, on the contrary, to balancing selection phenomena enabling regions to be maintained in a heterozygous state and thus with high genetic diversity.

@INRAE Bertrand Nicolas

Article

22 March 2024

Redaction: INRAE

Select trout that are more resistant to heat waves

Climate change is already causing, and will continue to cause, more and more heat waves. These heat waves have a negative effect on water quality in aquaculture farms: higher temperatures and lower levels of available oxygen in the water. Technical solutions are available to limit these sometimes rapid and severe variations in temperature and oxygenation in trout farms, but they are often costly. Selecting animals that can withstand these heat waves is therefore a promising way of coping with the impact of climate change. Scientists at INRAE, in collaboration with SYSAAF (the French poultry and aquaculture breeders' association) and two French trout breeding companies, have studied the feasibility of breeding for resistance to hyperthermia (exposure to high temperatures) and/or hypoxia (exposure to reduced oxygen levels).

Article

20 February 2024

Redaction: INRAE

Prestigious AAAS award for the study of ancient DNA in Native American horses

The prestigious Newcomb Cleveland 2024 prize awarded for a publication on the ancient DNA of horses bred and used by indigenous peoples of the North American plains, published in the journal Science in 2023. An interdisciplinary team of American Indian and Western scientists, coordinated by Ludovic Orlando (CNRS Toulouse) and William Timothy Treal Taylor (University of Colorado), has been selected to receive the Newcomb Cleveland 2024 Award (AAAS) for their work on the genetic origins of the first horses bred and used by the indigenous peoples of the North American plains.

Article

08 February 2024

Redaction: INRAE

INRAE researchers competition

Find out about open positions to join SAPS member units! Application deadline: March 5, 2024

Article

29 January 2024

Redaction: SAPS

A high-fat maternal diet alters the composition of the embryonic microenvironment and induces an embryonic sex-specific gene response as early as the pre-implantation stage.

Over the last few decades, eating habits have changed and fat consumption has increased. Combined with low energy expenditure, excessive fat intake contributes to an increase in metabolic diseases that now affect young populations of childbearing age. This study explored the impact of a high-fat maternal diet on the embryo prior to implantation in the uterus, using the rabbit as a model animal. This work is published in Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.

Article

29 January 2024

Redaction: PH

Understanding pig embryo development: an asset for breeding tomorrow's animals

In a study published in Genomics, scientists from the UMR Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - GABI (INRAE/AgroParisTech/UPSaclay, Jouy-en-Josas) have characterized the transcriptome of 35,000 embryonic cells derived from pig embryos between 5 and 11 days after fertilization. They were able to identify new sub-populations of embryonic cells, both for the secretion of molecules required for implantation, such as those expressing interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), and a population of stem cells expressing LRP2, which will subsequently contribute to the development of the embryonic placenta.

@INRAE Emilie Derisoud

Article

27 November 2023

Redaction: PH

Une nouvelle méthode pour détecter et quantifier la transmission transgénérationnelle des effets environnementaux afin de faciliter l’adaptation des animaux aux conditions d’élevage de demain

In a study published in Genetic Selection Evolution, researchers from the BIGE team (Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - GABI, INRAE/AgroParisTech/UPSaclay, Jouy-en-Josas) have proposed a new model identifying the transmission of environmental effects based on the analysis of phenotypes and pedigrees.

Article

27 November 2023

Redaction: PH

DMRT1, a key player in male sex determination and female fertility in rabbits

In an article published in eLife, researchers from the Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Environment, Epigenetics and Development - BREED (UMR 1198 INRAE/UPSaclay, Jouy-en-Josas) demonstrate, for the first time in a mammal, the involvement of the transcription factor DMRT1 in sex determination and gonad differentiation.

GIE LCH (Contrôle anti-dopage équin de macromolécules biothérapeutiques)

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: GIE LCH - Edition P. Huan - Translation W Brand-Williams

A new method for high-throughput screening for the analysis of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins for the control of equine anti-doping

This development allows extending the analytical capacities of equine anti-doping control laboratories to biotherapeutic macromolecules made up of immunoglobulins such as monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins, using a sensitive, specific and robust high-throughput method.

@Pixabay

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: INRAE - Edition P. Huan - Translation W. Brand-Williams

Equine research: INRAE and LABÉO reinforce their partnership

On July 13th in Caen, the Franck Duncombe LABEO laboratory and INRAE signed a framework partnership agreement for research in genetics and health in the horse, and more generally in animal health and the environment. The Intergrative Biology and Equine Genetics team of UMR GABI (INRAE Jouy) will develop its research projects as part of this framework, notably on equine influenza, genomic selection and myopathy in the race horse. This partnership will be visible internationally from May 12 to 15, 2024, since the two laboratories will organize together the 14th International Havemeyer Horse Genome Workshop where approximately one-hundred scientists will gather at the castle in Caen.

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: INRAE - Edition P. Huan

X chromosome genes influence dairy cow performance

In cattle, as in other mammals, the genome is made up of several pairs of homologous chromosomes or autosomes (present in 29 pairs in cows) and a pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one copy of each of the X and Y chromosomes. Females have 2 copies of the X chromosome, while males have one copy of each X and Y chromosome. Although it contains a large number of genes, the X chromosome is often overlooked in genomic studies, as it is present in only one copy in males. A team of INRAE and Eliance researchers from the Animal Genetics and Integrative Biology unit (GABI) has assessed the role of the X chromosome and the genes it harbors on key traits for the sustainability of cattle breeding. Their work, published in the journal BMC Genomics, reveals the importance of the X chromosome in the genetic determination of traits, and identifies the genes probably responsible for its effects.

INRAE - Luc Delaby

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: INRAE - Edition P. Huan

When cattle chromosomes get tangled: detecting genetic defects to better prevent them

In cattle, like in all animals, genetic material is contained in pairs of chromosomes, each set of which is randomly distributed when gametes (spermatoza or ovocytes) are formed. During that process, genetic material from one chromosome sometimes gets shifted to another chromosome that is not part of the same pair, and this is known as interchromosomal rearrangement. Fertilisation with a gamete containing a one or more rearranged chromosomes will cause the embryo to have fewer or more genes than normal, which is, in most cases, fatal. For the first time, INRAE geneticists, in collaboration with colleagues from ELIANCE (French national livestock breeders federation), have conducted a population study (on 5571 insemination bulls) to quantify the frequency of such defects, their origins and the consequences they have on livestock. Their results, published in Genome Research, reveal that 1 bull in 450 may be a carrier of an interchromosomal rearrangement, whose consequences on the affected animals' health and fertility may cost the sector more than one million euros for each insemination sire that is a carrier. This study is based on the millions of genotyping data routinely generated for genomic evaluation of insemination bulls and their progeny (offspring). The approach used is the first step towards widespread screening for such chromosomal anomalies.

INRAE M. Dupont-Nivet

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: Edition P. Huan

Genetic selection could help reduce trout farm mortality during heat waves

In a study published in Genetics Selection Evolution, scientists from the UMR de Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - GABI (INRAE/AgroParisTech/UPSaclay, Jouy-en-Josas) have described the genetic architecture of resistance to acute hyperthermia, i.e. the ability of fish to survive high temperatures. They have shown that 29% of performance variation in this trait is genetic in origin in a French commercial population, attesting to significant potential for genetic improvement. Genetic correlations of this trait with the main production traits - growth, % intramuscular fat and carcass yield - are close to zero. Selection for resistance to acute hyperthermia should therefore have no impact on these traits, and vice versa.

INRAE

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: GABI - Edition P. Huan

Effect of inflammation on epigenetic marks and their persistence during successive lactations

The aim of this recently published work was to document the contribution of epigenetics to animal health and longevity.

CC mSystems

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: Edition P. Huan

A dynamic genomic model of a key rumen ecosystem bacterium

The rumen microbiota plays an essential role in ruminant nutrition, degrading plant feed and transforming it into a source of energy and protein for the animal. In a collaborative review published in mSystems and coordinated by Rafael Muñoz-Tamayo of the UMR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants - MoSAR (INRAE/AgroParisTech/UPSaclay, Palaiseau), the authors focused on the key rumen bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes S85, which degrades cellulose and produces succinate.

INRAE B. Nicolas (Manipulation sous hotte aspirante)

Article

02 November 2023

Redaction: Edition P. Huan

A new functional assay for the analysis of splice variants in the bovine DGAT1 gene

The DGAT1 gene plays a major role in fat metabolism and triacylglyceride synthesis.

Sciences Animales Paris-Saclay

Article

14 September 2023

Redaction: A. Jouneau - Edition P. Huan

A human pro-viral protein is essential for embryo development

A new study, led by scientists from Uppsala University (Sweden) and the BREED Unit (Université Paris-Saclay/INRAE), has discovered that the pro-viral host protein ZC3H11A plays an essential role in maintaining the viability of embryos during early development. The study revealed a previously unknown function of ZC3H11A in the complex process of embryonic growth, and highlights its impact on development. The article is published in PNAS.

Sciences Animales Paris-Saclay

Article

14 September 2023

Redaction: INRAE - Edition P. Huan

A new genetic lead to stem the spread of nodavirosis, the most widespread disease in sea bass farming

Teams from Ifremer and INRAE have just discovered two genes involved in resistance to nodavirosis, a disease that affects the brain of sea bass and causes major losses in Mediterranean fish farms. Following this discovery, published in the journal Genetics Selection Evolution, scientists and professionals from French sea bass hatcheries, which supply over 20% of the sea bass farmed in the Mediterranean (Italy, Greece, Turkey...), have launched a new project to select sea bass that are more resistant to this disease. This is a major challenge if we are to move towards more sustainable aquaculture.

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