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A high-fat maternal diet alters the composition of the embryonic microenvironment and induces an embryonic sex-specific gene response as early as the pre-implantation stage.

Over the last few decades, eating habits have changed and fat consumption has increased. Combined with low energy expenditure, excessive fat intake contributes to an increase in metabolic diseases that now affect young populations of childbearing age. This study explored the impact of a high-fat maternal diet on the embryo prior to implantation in the uterus, using the rabbit as a model animal. This work is published in Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease.

The authors have previously developed in vivo sampling of the uterine fluid surrounding the embryo prior to implantation in the uterus. In this work, the authors studied the impact of a hyperfatty maternal diet on the composition of this peri-embryonic uterine fluid. The authors highlighted the impact of a hyperfat diet on the composition of uterine fluid, with a particular increase in pyruvate concentration. Thus, in the early stages of development, before the protective role of the placenta is established, the embryo is in direct contact with an altered environment. Studies of the embryo transcriptome and the metabolome of the intra-embryonic fluid (blastocoelic cavity) reveal a decrease in the detection, transport and metabolism of nutrients (lipids, glucose and amino acids) in the embryo, in contrast to a nutrient-rich extra-embryonic environment. The effect was more pronounced in female than in male embryos. This work thus identifies a very early sex-specific response.

Contact :

Sophie Calderari

Calderari S, Archilla C, Jouneau L, Daniel N, Peynot N, Dahirel M, Richard C, Mourier E, Schmaltz-Panneau B, Vitorino Carvalho A, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Lager F, Marchiol C, Renault G, Gatien J, Nadal-Desbarats L, Couturier-Tarrade A, Duranthon V, and Chavatte-Palmer P. (2023) Alteration of the embryonic microenvironment and sex-specific responses of the preimplantation embryo related to a maternal high-fat diet in the rabbit model. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease doi: 10.1017/S2040174423000260

Modification date : 29 January 2024 | Publication date : 29 January 2024 | Redactor : SAPS

Publication Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, Calderari S. & al.

A high-fat maternal diet alters the composition of the embryonic microenvironment and induces an embryonic sex-specific gene response as early as the pre-implantation stage.

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